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All data are from nationwide surveys of Americans 18 & older. Polls listed chronologically.

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"When it comes to Iraq, do you think the United States should do what it thinks is right no matter what its allies think, or should the U.S. take into account the views of its allies before taking action?"

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"When it comes to Iraq, do you think the United States should do what it thinks is right even if Russia, France, or China vetoes the resolution authorizing the use of force in Iraq, or should the United States take into account a veto of the resolution before taking action?"

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“What if the UN Security Council votes against the U.S.‑sponsored resolution to take military action against Iraq? Would you approve or disapprove of the U.S. taking military action against Iraq to try to remove Saddam Hussein from power without UN approval?”

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"Which of these comes closest to your opinion? Iraq's development of weapons is a threat to the United States that requires military action right now. OR, Iraq's development of weapons is a threat that can be contained with inspections for now. OR, Iraq's development of weapons is not a threat to the United States at all."

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“When deciding what to do about Iraq, do you think the Bush Administration should take into account the views of anti‑war protesters a lot, some, not much, or not at all?”

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"Do you think that getting support from the United Nations Security Council is necessary before the United States goes to war with Iraq, or is support from the United Nations Security Council desirable, but not necessary?"

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"As you may know, United Nations inspectors are in Iraq looking for any evidence that Iraq has chemical, biological or nuclear weapons. Do you think Iraq is or is not cooperating with the UN weapons inspectors?"

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"Do you think Iraq does or does not pose a threat to the United States?"

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"Just your best guess, how long do you think a war with Iraq would last: a few weeks, several months, about a year, or longer than that?"

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"Do you think there would or would not be a significant number of U.S. military casualties in a war with Iraq?"

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"With regard to Iraq, do you think the Bush Administration is considering all the possible options now, or have they already made up their minds to take military action?"

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"Which statement do you agree with more? Iraq presents such a clear danger to American interests that the United States needs to act now, even without the support of the United Nations. OR, The U.S. needs to wait for approval of the United Nations before taking any action against Iraq."

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"Great Britain is willing to participate in a joint action with the United States against Iraq, but some countries, like France and Russia, oppose military action at this time. Under these circumstances, would you favor or oppose the U.S. taking military action against Iraq?"

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"Do you think Iraq is or is not complying with what the United Nations has required it to do so far?" Form B (N=498, MoE ± 5)

ABC News/Washington Post Poll. Feb. 26-March 2, 2003. N=1,022 adults nationwide. MoE ± 3 (total sample). Fieldwork by TNS Intersearch.

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"Some people say that Americans who criticize President Bush and his position on Iraq are acting in an unpatriotic way. Other people say they are acting in an appropriate way by expressing their opinions through their right to free speech. Which of these positions is closer to your own?"

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"Some people say the United States and Britain should take action to disarm Saddam Hussein and remove him from power in the next few weeks. They say Iraq is building weapons of mass destruction and any delay will permit these weapons to be developed further. Other people say there is no concrete evidence that Iraq has weapons of mass destruction and inspectors should be given more time to uncover the facts. They say to attack now would leave us without UN approval and without the support of some of our traditional allies. Which of these two positions comes closer to your own?"

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"As you may know, the U.S., Great Britain, and Spain plan to submit a resolution to the United Nations that says that Iraq is in serious violation of prior UN resolutions that required Iraq to disarm. Do you think the United States should invade Iraq with ground troops only if the UN approves this new resolution, even if the UN does not approve this new resolution, or do you think the United States should not send ground troops to Iraq at all?" Options were rotated

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"Do you approve or disapprove of the way the United Nations is handling the situation with Iraq and Saddam Hussein?"

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"What do you think is more important: for the United States to move quickly against Iraq, even if that means acting without the support of the United Nations Security Council; or for the United States to keep trying to win support from the United Nations Security Council, even if that means moving more slowly against Iraq?" Options were rotated

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"Do you think the U.S. should or should not use military action involving ground troops to attempt to remove Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq?"

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"Do you think the United States should invade Iraq with ground troops only if the UN holds a new vote that authorizes the use of U.S. ground troops, even if the UN does not hold a new vote that authorizes the use of U.S. ground troops, or do you think the United States should not send ground troops to Iraq at all?" Options were rotated

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"Chief weapons inspector Hans Blix is scheduled to make a report to the UN Security Council on Friday. If Blix reports that Iraq is cooperating and inspectors are making progress, do you think President Bush should delay plans for war with Iraq or has Iraq been given too many chances already?"

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"Several U.S. allies, such as France, Germany, and Russia, oppose taking military action against Iraq at this time. Which of the following best describes how you feel about these countries not supporting the U.S. position on Iraq? Would you say that you agree with the position of these allies, disagree with these allies but respect their right to take that position, or are you angry that these allies are not supporting the United States?"

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"France and Germany have made a proposal that would put United Nation troops in Iraq to back up the inspectors, increase the number of inspectors, and give inspections a longer time to work. Do you think this is good plan or will it only delay the inevitable need to invade Iraq?"

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"Some people say the United States should take military action against Iraq in order to protect the source of much of the world's oil. As far as you are concerned, is that a good enough reason for the United States to take military action against Iraq or not?"

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"Do you think Saddam Hussein was personally involved in the September 11th, 2001, terrorist attacks against the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, or not?"

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"Which comes closer to your view: the United States should invade Iraq with ground troops in the next few weeks unless Saddam Hussein shows convincing evidence that Iraq is disarming its weapons of mass destruction, or the United States should support the United Nations in sending more inspectors and allowing them all the time they need to determine whether Iraq has weapons of mass destruction?" Options were rotated

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ABC News/Washington Post Poll. Feb. 6-9, 2003. N=1,001 adults nationwide. MoE ± 3. Field work by TNS Intersearch.

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"Do you think the Bush Administration has or has not presented enough evidence to show why the United States should use military force to remove Saddam Hussein from power?"

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"Do you think the United States has or has not presented strong evidence showing that Iraq [see below]?"

"Has chemical and biological weapons"

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"Is trying to develop nuclear weapons"

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"Has provided direct support to the Al Qaeda terrorist group"

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"Is not cooperating with the United Nations weapons inspectors"

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"Before deciding whether to attack Iraq, how much longer do you think the Administration should give the United Nations weapons inspectors to search for chemical, biological and nuclear weapons there: a few weeks, a few months, or more than that?"

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"What do you think is more important: for the United States to move quickly against Iraq, even if that means acting without international support; or for the United States to gain international support, even if that delays action against Iraq?" Options were rotated

ABC News/Washington Post Poll. Feb. 5, 2003. N=504 adults nationwide. MoE ± 4.5 (total sample). Fieldwork by TNS Intersearch.

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"Secretary of State Colin Powell addressed the United Nations about Iraq today. Did you happen to watch or listen to that speech, or hear or read any news reports about it, or not?"

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"Do you think Powell did or did not make a convincing case for going to war with Iraq?"

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"Overall, do you think Powell presented hard evidence PROVING that Iraq has weapons of mass destruction; or circumstantial evidence SUGGESTING that Iraq has these weapons, but not proving it?"

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"Who do you trust more to make the right decisions regarding Iraq: the Bush Administration or the United Nations?" Options were rotated. Form A (N=504, MoE ± 5)

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"Some people feel that the weapons inspections by the United Nations in Iraq should be given more time to work. Other people feel that it is time to take stronger action against Saddam Hussein, including the use of armed force. Which one of these views comes closer to how you feel?" Options were rotated

The Los Angeles Times Poll. Jan. 30-Feb. 2, 2003. N=1,385 adults nationwide. MoE ± 3 (total sample).

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"Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The United States should take military action against Iraq only if that military action has the support of the United Nations Security Council."

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ABC News/Washington Post Poll. Jan. 30-Feb. 1, 2003. N=855 adults nationwide. MoE ± 3.5. Fieldwork by TNS Intersearch.

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"Do you think Bush has presented enough evidence showing why the United States should use military force to remove Saddam Hussein from power, or would you like him to present more evidence?" Asked of half the sample

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"Imagine the UN inspectors cannot find hard evidence that Iraq has chemical, biological or nuclear weapons. In that case, do you think the United States should or should not have to present its own evidence that Iraq has these weapons, before the U.S. attacks Iraq?"

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"Which concerns you more -- that the Bush Administration might move too quickly to take military action against Iraq, or the Bush Administration might not move quickly enough?" Options rotated

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"Before deciding whether to attack Iraq, do you think the United States should or should not give United Nations inspectors a few more months to search for chemical, biological and nuclear weapons there?"

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"Do you think Iraq has or has not provided direct support to the Al Qaeda terrorist group?"

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"How confident are you that President Bush will make the right decision regarding the use of U.S. troops in Iraq: very confident, somewhat confident, not very confident, or not at all confident?"

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"Do you believe Iraq is hiding chemical and biological weapons or other weapons of mass destruction from the inspectors?"

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"Do you believe Iraqi President Saddam Hussein has ties to the terrorist group Al Qaeda?"

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"What do you think is more important -- for the United States to move quickly against Iraq, even if that means acting without international support; or for the United States to gain international support, even if that delays action against Iraq?"

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"Do you think the Bush Administration has been overstating the level of threat the United States faces from Iraq, understating it, or accurately describing it?"

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"Which comes closer to your view? The United Nations weapons inspectors in Iraq should be given more time to conduct their inspections, even if that means a United States invasion of Iraq is delayed or prevented altogether. OR, Iraq has already had enough time to prove to the United Nations inspectors that it does not have weapons of mass destruction, and no more time is needed even if that means the United States invades Iraq soon." Options were rotated

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"Which comes closer to your view? The United States should invade Iraq when the Bush Administration decides that it is time to do so. OR, The United States should not invade Iraq unless there is a new United Nations vote authorizing military action." Options were rotated

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"Which comes closer to your view? UN weapons inspections alone can eliminate the threat Iraq poses to other nations. OR, Military action is needed along with weapons inspections to eliminate the threat Iraq poses to other nations." Options were rotated

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"In planning for a possible invasion of Iraq, do you think the United States can or cannot count on the support of each of the following countries? How about [see below]?"

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"Do you think European countries like France and Germany do or do not owe an obligation of support to the United States in its efforts to deal with Iraq and Saddam Hussein?"

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"Do you think European countries like France and Germany are taking a more reasonable or a less reasonable approach toward Iraq and Saddam Hussein than the U.S. is taking?"

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"In order to avoid war with Iraq, a proposal has been made that would allow Saddam Hussein to live the rest of his life in exile and thus avoid prosecution for any action he took as leader of Iraq. In exchange, Saddam would have to agree to peacefully step down as the leader of Iraq. Would you approve or disapprove of this proposal?"

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"Imagine the UN inspectors cannot find hard evidence that Iraq has chemical, biological or nuclear weapons. In that case, do you think the United States should or should not have to present its own evidence that Iraq has these weapons, before the U.S. attacks Iraq?"

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If answered "Should" to question above:
"What if presenting that evidence means the United States has to reveal sensitive intelligence sources? In that case, do you think the United States should or should not have to present its own evidence that Iraq has these weapons?"

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"In your view, is war with Iraq inevitable, or is there likely to be a peaceful settlement?"

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"As you may know, the Bush Administration says it has evidence that Iraq has weapons of mass destruction or programs to develop them. On January 27th, United Nations weapons inspectors will report their findings so far to the UN. If the inspectors have not found any evidence, what should the United States do: invade Iraq with ground troops based on the evidence the Bush Administration says it has, invade Iraq with ground troops only after the UN inspectors find evidence of weapons, or not invade Iraq with ground troops regardless of what the UN inspectors find?"

CBS News Poll. Jan. 4-6, 2003. N=902 adults nationwide. MoE ± 3 (total sample).

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"So far, do you think Saddam Hussein has kept his promise to allow United Nations inspectors full access to look for weapons of mass destruction, or has Saddam Hussein not kept his promise?"

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"To the best of your knowledge, do you think Iraq currently possesses weapons of mass destruction, or doesn't it have those yet?" Form C (N=460)

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"What do you think the United States should now do with respect to Iraq: use military force in some way or try to find a diplomatic solution?"

Knight Ridder poll conducted by Princeton Survey Research Associates. Jan. 3-6, 2003. N=1,204 adults nationwide. MoE ± 3.

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“First, we have a few questions about the situation in Iraq. On Saturday, Iraq declared a weapons list to the United Nations that shows they have no weapons of mass destruction. Do you believe them or do you not believe them?”

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“Assuming Iraq does have weapons of mass destruction, how confident are you that UN inspectors will be able to find them: very confident, somewhat confident, not too confident, or not at all confident?”

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“Do you favor or oppose taking U.S. military action against Iraq?”

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“Do you believe Iraq is involved in acts of terrorism against the U.S., or not?”

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"Do you think Iraq currently has weapons of mass destruction, is trying to develop these weapons but does not currently have them, or is not trying to develop weapons of mass destruction?"

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"If weapons of mass destruction or programs to develop them exist in Iraq, do you think [rotate:] the UN inspectors will be able to find them, OR do you think Iraq has hidden them so well that the UN inspectors will not be able to find them?" Form B respondents who say Iraq currently has weapons of mass destruction, is trying to develop them, or are unsure if Iraq has them (N=460, MoE ± 3)